Researchers have developed an mRNA vaccine to fight cancer

Researchers from the United States have developed a new mRNA vaccine against cancer. The drug is delivered directly to the lymphatic system and stimulates a strong immune response. Animal tests have shown that the new vaccine effectively blocks the development of the tumour - in most cases until it completely disappears. The results of the study are published in the journal PNAS. 

This new vaccine works in the same way as the mRNA based coronavirus vaccines - your body’s cells “read” the genetic information received in the vaccine and begin producing viral antigens that activate the immune system. Currently, mRNA technology is being used to develop preventative tools for HIV, influenza, malaria and other infections.

In the case of cancer, the mRNA vaccine is therapeutic rather than preventative, it is administered to people to treat existing tumours and/or prevent against relapse. The study showed that this new technology plays well alongside existing treatments.

In the study, the researchers studied ways to increase the immune response by changing the point that the antigens entered the body. mRNA molecules were delivered directly to the lymphatic systems, and not to the liver as was done previously.

Testing on mice have shown that this new mRNA vaccine causes a more powerful immune reaction and, in combination with other therapy, effectively suppresses the tumour. In 40% of cases a complete remission was seen.

Previously, scientists in the United States created a possible cancer vaccine based on viruses and bacteria. The study showed that this combination worked more effectively than treatment with separate agents. Tests conducted on animals showed that vaccination with adenovirus and bacteria significantly reduced the tumour and increased survival rates.